The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood is called:________

Penicillin inhibits peptidoglycan by releasing beta- lactam that includes penicillin, monobactams and carbapenems these are arranged in lactam ring in molecular structure that inhibit the synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of cell wall of bacteria.

Bacteria that grow in presence of penicillin is gram negative bacteria because these bacteria have lipopolysaccharide and protein layer that surrounds the peptidoglycan layer and this layer prevent the attack of penicillin.

Lipopolysaccharide protect the cell from the entry of toxic molecules like antibiotics and bile salts.

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During transcription, rna polymerase synthesizes RNA strand from a(n) DNA template.

Transcription is a classic event in molecular biology in which the DNA is transcribed to mRNA.

Transcription is an important event mentioned in central dogma of molecular biology. It is from transcription, translation (synthesis) of proteins is possible.

Transcription occurs at specific site in the cell. In prokaryotes, transcription takes place in cytoplasm whereas in eukaryotes, nucleus is the site for transcription.

Transcription involves three main steps:

After transcription, processing of mRNA is carried out so that it becomes mature and fully functional for translation process.

Therefore, transcription is important in copying information from DNA sequences for the correct synthesis of proteins.

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All organisms need food that contains macromolecules in order to survive. because food provides macromolecules that are all used for energy by cells so they can continue to function and do chemical reactions.

A food is a type of substance that provides nutrients to our body. Nutrients are substances that provide energy for performing different activities such as growth, breathing, digesting food, and keeping our body warm. These materials are used for the growth and repair of the body and also keep our immune system healthy. Food also provide energy that is needed to keep the body breathing, movement, growth and repair of tissues.

So we can conclude that All organisms need food that contains macromolecules in order to survive. because food provides macromolecules that are all used for energy by cells so they can continue to function and do chemical reactions.

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It is false that although community composition changes during succession, diversity rarely changes.

Succession is the phenomenon of how the change in the species structure and composition occurs over time. After a point of time, the last community takes over that is irreplaceable and it is known as the climax community. The first species that invades over an empty space is called the pioneer species.

Diversity is the variety if species present in an area over a period of time. It includes varieties from a small microbe to large plants and animals. More is the diversity of an area, more the area is considered to be functional.

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Option B: Under anaerobic conditions, cells generate ATP through anaerobic glycolysis and creatine phosphate.

Our body produces ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. ATP is used in various functions and gets hydrolyzed into ADP and inorganic phosphate. But during intense exercises like sprinting, our body becomes unable to produce sufficient ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

In this condition, creatine phosphate is used to regenerate ATP molecules for a short time. Creatine phosphate, when short of oxygen, transfers high-energy phosphate to ADP. ADP then gets transformed into ATP and produces creatine out of the reaction.

Another mechanism to produce ATP when short of oxygen is through anaerobic glycolysis. In this method, glucose is converted to lactate. This is a faster mechanism that produces 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule. The energy produced through oxidative phosphorylation is 100 times slower than anaerobic glycolysis.

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Option 1: In expressing the mammalian genes in e.coli, the most formidable obstacle is Introns.  

Introns are the nucleotide sequences that do not directly code for proteins. They reside in the genes of an organisms and are generally removed during transcription of an RNA molecule.

Our DNA comprises exons and introns, where exons are coding parts while introns are non-coding parts. Introns get stuck in between which leads to stopping the coding of DNA because it does not form any kind of protein. These are like gap which is not coded for protein. So to avoid this obstacle we replace it with exons by the process of splicing. This is because exons form proteins and thus can participate in DNA coding (as DNA is responsible for the synthesis of proteins). These are found in all creatures and all types of genes.

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The Hardy-Weinberg assumption was broken because the moths that were eaten by the predators were being selected because of their lighter color, which makes some moths on a tree easier to see and, as a result, more frequently consumed by predators.

What is predators ?

Predators are living things that go after and kill prey. The term "prey" refers to the living things that predators eat. Both carnivores and omnivores can be predators.

Predators include lions, tigers, sharks, and snakes. Genotypes resulting from mutation and recombination exhibit varying levels of reproduction and survival during selection.

In a selection, the geno type or phenotype that produces the most offspring on average over the course of its life is said to be the "most fit." It is influenced by geography, history, the environment, and genetics.

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Answer:

Social Needs . are the form of human needs take as shaped by culture & individual personality.

Explanation:

hope it helps

The huge structure made up of numerous smaller pieces are complex molecules. Amino acids are formed from the complex molecules known as proteins.

Therefore, option B. is correct.

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The complete question is:

Which of the following is correct about a complex molecule and the components into which it breaks down?

A. Sugars break down into proteins.

B. Proteins break down into amino acids.

C. Carbohydrates break down into fats.

D. Fats break down into monosaccharides.​

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The relationship between science and technology is that before technologies can exist, there has to be scientific understanding in order to create a technology (option D).

Technology is the organization and application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.

On the other hand, science is the collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method i.e. the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline.

Technology is the usage of the knowledge of science to create products for human benefit. This suggests that science must come before technology.

Therefore, the relationship between science and technology is that before technologies can exist, there has to be scientific understanding in order to create a technology.

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Answer:

A proteome comprises the entire map that includes all the proteins which will result from just a single gene, but a genome simply consists of genes that encode for proteins. As a result, there will be a significant size difference between the two. For instance, the genome of a skin cell is identical to the genome of another somatic cell, yet the proteome of a kidney cell comprises proteins such as angiotensin, tomm-Horsfall protein, etcetera. The proteome of the kidney cells is several times greater than that of the genome of skin cells, and each of these proteins might well have descended from a single gene.

If you're simply interested in the genome, keep in mind that somatic cell genomes are identical, however a proteome constantly varies depending on the cell type.

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Relative density is the ratio of density of a mineral to the density of freshwater.

What is density?

The substance's mass per unit of volume is known as its density (or specific mass). Density is most frequently represented by the symbol ρ (the lower-case Greek letter rho). Its unit is kg/m³

Relative density is the ratio of density of a mineral to the density of freshwater. It's a dimensionless and unitless constant. It depends on the material.

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Answer:

This pair of molecules are cyclopentane and pentane.

Explanation:

The white balls represent hydrogen atoms while the black balls constitute carbon atoms both for configurations. While each hydrogen atom can only really attach to just one other atom, each carbon atom can connect to 4 other atoms. The first one, therefore, therefore consists of a cycle comprising 5 carbon atoms, each of which is linked to 2 additional carbon atoms as well as to 2 hydrogen atoms. This substance is known as cyclopentane.

Because the balls are joined one after another, the next one is just a linear molecule. It has 3 hydrogen atoms connected to the terminals of two carbon atoms plus 2 hydrogens bonded to each of the 3 separate carbons. The name of such a molecule is pentane.

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The answer to the question is to Give the medication earlier in the day.

A sleep disorder called insomnia affects your ability to fall and/or stay asleep.

The condition may be acute and short-lived or chronic and long-lived. It might even come and go.

From one night to a few weeks, acute insomnia lasts. When insomnia occurs three or more nights a week for three months or longer, it is considered chronic.

Avoid taking over-the-counter sleeping aids if you have insomnia. They could cause side effects, and they frequently become less effective with time.

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Hydrogen is less dense than oxygen. The electron density of every atom depends on the quantity of electrons present, despite the fact that pictures of the electron densities of each atom were not displayed.

Since hydrogen only has one electron and oxygen has eight, this makes sense. If the relative electron densities are used to determine an atom's density, then oxygen with eight electrons is denser than hydrogen with one electron.

Due to the higher electron density on oxygen in the water molecule that contributes the hydrogen atom to the HB, the hydrogen bond is more likely to form. The hydrogen-accepting water molecule has a lower electron density on hydrogen atoms, which is advantageous for additional hydrogen atom donations[16].

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Hydrogen is a smaller amount dense than oxygen. The electron density of each atom depends on the quantity of electrons present, despite the very fact that pictures of the electron densities of each atom were not displayed.

Reason:

Since hydrogen only has one electron and oxygen has eight, this is sensible . If the relative electron densities are wont to determine an atom's density, then oxygen with eight electrons is denser than hydrogen with one electron.

Why is electron density important?

The electron density is vital to the bonding and geometry of a molecule because the forces holding the nuclei together in a molecule are the attractive forces between the electrons and the nuclei. These attractive forces are opposed by the repulsions between the electrons and therefore the repulsions between the nuclei.

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Flagella and cilia of eukaryotic cells require a cytoskeleton composed of microtubules to function properly.

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The correct answer is option 1.

From the accompanying photo,

Right triangle CAB has three sides.

Consequently, m1 = 90°.

Similarly, mACD = 90°

∠ACD = 90° = ∠ACB + ∠BCD

= m∠3 + m∠4 = 90°

Because m4 = 35°,

m∠3 + 35° = 90°

m∠3 = 90° - 35° = 55°

In the ABC triangle,

∠ACB + ∠CBA + ∠BAC = 180° [triangle property]

∠3 + ∠2 + ∠1 = 180°

55° + ∠2 + 90° = 180°

∠2 + 145° = 180°

∠2 = 180° - 145° = 35°

Because ABCDBC is a transversal,

The lines are referred to as transversal lines when a straight line crosses two or more parallel lines. Any time this transverse line crosses a coplanar line, alternate angles—also referred to as exterior or interior alternate angles—are created.

In light of this, ∠2 = ∠4 = 35° [Alternate Interior Angles].

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Characteristics that are genetically transferred from parents to their offspring are said to be a product of heredity.

The transfer of traits from one generation to the next is known as heredity, also known as inheritance or biological inheritance. Whether through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic make-up of their parents. Variations between people can accumulate through genetics and lead to the natural selection-driven evolution of species. Genetics is the study of heredity in biology. It is well acknowledged that DNA, a molecule that conveys genetic information, is a significant carrier of heritable traits. DNA is a lengthy polymer that contains four types of interchangeable bases. The entire set of characteristics that can be observed in an organism's structure and behavior is referred to as its phenotype.

These traits are the outcome of the interplay between the genotype and the environment.

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Answer:liver

Explanation:the glycogen is stored in the liver that is used during the fasting stage.

During the fasting state, the energy stores of the glycogen in liver become the major source of glucose for the whole body.

Glycogen, the human body's multibranched polysaccharide of glucose, is where most of the glucose is stored, primarily in the liver and skeletal muscle.

The liver secretes glucose during fasting by breaking down glycogen  and creating glucose. Hepatic gluconeogenesis is the primary source of endogenous glucose production during prolonged fasting.

Through gluconeogenesis, the liver supplies the body with glucose when it is starved: generating glucose from amino acids and lactate.

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The regulation of pH by cells is accomplished primarily through osmosis (option A).

pH is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is measured on a scale of 1 - 14, with 7 being the neutral pH.

Our bodies live and die at a cellular level and the cells must maintain acidity or alkalinity in order to function and stay alive.

The regulation of pH in the internal environment of the cell is achieved through the actions of sodium-hydrogen (Na+–H+) ion exchangers and other pumps.

These aforementioned sensors can permit hydrogen ions to pass through the cell membrane, hence, the pH is interrelated with extracellular pH in this respect.

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Earth had essentially no atmosphere when it originated 4.6 billion years ago from a heated mixture of gases and minerals. The ground had melted on it.

An atmosphere developed when Earth cooled, primarily from gases released by volcanoes. It contained methane, hydrogen sulfide, and ten to 200 times as much carbon dioxide as the atmosphere we are surrounded by today. The Earth's surface began to cool and solidify after roughly 500 million years, allowing water to accumulate there. Although life on Earth continued to develop and diversify, such periods of expansion and development were halted by mass extinctions, in which many of the planet's major life forms were either entirely or partially wiped out and many others were freshly established. Such catastrophic extinction episodes are attributed to asteroids impacts, climate change, volcanic eruptions, etc. Dinosaurs were also wiped out in one such event. The largest problem the Earth is currently experiencing is climate change brought on by human activity. Although human activities may exterminate some species from the world, the planet will undoubtedly recover and return to its natural balance as it has for millions of years. However, the sun will ultimately wipe out Earth, as predicted by scientists. The Sun will lose its structural integrity and enlarge in volume as it ages and eventually runs out of the fuel that keeps it going—hydrogen—which will cause it to burn everything in its path, including life on Earth. In the end, the Sun would perish, leaving the Solar System permanently in the dark.

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During the focused obstetrical intervention, a perform cardiotocography is performed on a pregnant trauma patient.

A branch of medicine that specializes in the care of pregnant women and mothers-to-be as well as the treatment of diseases of the female reproductive system.

Obstetric ultrasonography employs sound waves to create images of the mother's uterus and ovaries as well as the baby (embryo or fetus) within a pregnant woman. It is the recommended approach for observing expectant mothers and their unborn children because it does not involve ionizing radiation and has no known negative effects

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Answer:

Anaerobic respiration takes place in the cell cytoplasm and produces lactic acid. The chemical equation is C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 (Glucose -> Lactic acid). The lactic acid then needs to be oxidised later to carbon dioxide and water afterwards to prevent it building up

The epigastric region is served by the vagus nerve and can be found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

The vagus nerve connects the neck, chest, heart, lung, and belly. It is the longest cranial nerve and runs from the brain to the large intestine. It is also known as cranial nerve X. The cranial nerves are categorized using Roman numerals based on where they are located. It affects the autonomic nervous system, which controls processes like breathing and digestion that happen automatically. It can also act as a bridge between the gut and the brain, contributing to the gut-brain axis, as described by experts. Digestion, heart rate, respiration, heart rate, as well as reflex actions including coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting are some of the functions of the vagus nerve. The major nerve pertaining to the parasympathetic nerve system, often called the vagal nerve, controls all reflex activities.

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Persistent

The condition which is known to have been caused by brain damage that might be moderated or reversed is referred to as persistent type of vegetative state.

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"Jane is interested in studying how physical aspects of the environment interact with the environment€™s chemical processes. which discipline will help jane pursue her interest" is Natural sciences.

Natural science is concerned with the numerous branches of study that are involved in figuring out the origins of natural occurrences, including physics, chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Related to the study of natural phenomena by observation and experimentation.

An observable fact, event, or aspect that is known via the senses rather than through cognition or intuition is referred to as a phenomenon, plural. a noumenon is not a chronological or temporal object of sense stimuli.

Gravity, tides, moons, planets, volcanic lightning, starling swarms, ant armies, sandstorms, biological processes, and oscillation are a few examples of natural phenomena.

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