Adjacent cells cling to one another with the aid of cell adhesion molecules, which are present on the cell surface. When a chemical binds to a cell-surface receptor, it may stimulate another molecule inside the cell to become active, which changes how the cell functions.
What function does a cell serve?From bacteria to humans, cells give all living things their structure and functionality. They are regarded as the tiniest form of life by scientists. The cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm are the three components that make up a cell. Intricate arrangements of microscopic fibres and hundreds or even thousands of tiny, unique structures known as organelles can be found in the cytoplasm.
The biological machinery that creates the proteins, chemicals, and signals necessary for every process in our body is housed within cells.
The interior of the cell is divided into many organelles that are each surrounded by a distinct membrane. The genetic material required for cell growth and reproduction is stored in the nucleus, a primary organelle. Each cell has a single nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles that are membrane-bound.
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The correct order of filtrate traveling from the distal convoluted tubule to the ureter is?
The correct order of filtrate traveling from the distal convoluted tubule to the ureter is:
Glomerulus → Proximal convoluted tubule → Descending limb of nephron loop → Ascending limb of nephron loop → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting duct.
What travels inside the renal tubule?Alongside the tubule, a blood vessel may be seen. The blood vessel reabsorbs nearly all of the water and essential nutrients and minerals as the filtered fluid travels along the tubule. The tubule assists in clearing the blood of extra acid. Urine is created in the tubule from any leftover liquid and waste.How does renal filtrate move through it?The proximal tubule, the loop of Henle, the renal medulla, and finally the renal cortex are all where the filtrate travels after leaving Bowman's capsule. Filtrate is moved from the loop of Henle into the distal tubule, the collecting duct, and then into the renal medulla for collection.To learn more about Distal convoluted tubule visit:
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Dna testing is expensive and takes a lot of time. because of this fact, it is important that _____.
DNA testing is expensive and takes a lot of time. because of this fact, it is important that there is sufficient material from both the suspect. The two DNA strands are referred to as polynucleotides because they are composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides.
Each nucleotide is made up of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A], or thymine [T]), deoxyribose, and a phosphttps hate group. Covalent bonds (known as the polynucleotides linkage) are formed between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. To form double-stranded DNA.
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The monosaccharides and the disaccharides are designated as _____ because they provide calories.
The monosaccharides as well as the disaccharides are designated as nutritive sweeteners since they provide calories.
Nutritive sweeteners, which are also sometimes termed as caloric sweeteners supply energy in the form of carbohydrates. A few nutritive sweeteners are naturally present in foods such as fructose, which is found in fresh fruits.
Monosaccharides are the simplest sugars or carbohydrates having the general formula (CH₂O)ₙ and are generally colorless, water soluble, crystalline solids. Glucose, fructose as well as galactose are all examples of monosaccharides.
Disaccharides are made up of two monosaccharides which are linked together by means of a glycosidic bond. They are also soluble in water. The examples of disaccharides are sucrose, lactose as well as maltose.
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You are told to cut a dissection animal along two planes so that both kidneys are observable in each section. the two sections that can meet this requirement are the _____ and _____ sections.
Transverse, frontal
You are told to cut a dissection animal along two planes so that both kidneys are observable in each section. The two sections that can meet this requirement are the transverse and frontal sections.
What is transverse section?A transverse section is a cross-sectional portion that is created by physically or artificially slicing the body or any part of the body structure in a horizontal plane. That plane forms a 90-degree angle with the longitudinal axis.What is frontal section?a segment through the body that cuts at a right angle to the median plane and separates the body into the dorsal and ventral portions is called a frontal section.What are the body's three planes?The body is divided into three planes: the anterior (frontal) coronal plane, which separates the body's front and rear halves. The sagittal (longitudinal) plane divides the body's left and right sides. The lower (inferior) and upper (superior) parts of the body are divided by the transverse (axial) plane.To learn more about sections of body visit:
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How many letters of an rna molecule in a sequence does it take to provide the code for a single animo acid?
Three letters of an RNA molecule in a sequence are involved in providing the code for a single amino acid, and this three-letter code is called the codon, and tRNA have the anticodon sequence which is complementary to the mRNA codon sequence.
Each group of three letters consecutive nucleotides in RNA is called a codon, and each codon specify either one amino acid or it stop to the translation process.
Therefore, The codons in an RNA molecule do not directly recognize the amino acids, but they specify the group of three nucleotides. They bind directly to the amino acid rather than the translation of mRNA into protein.
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When using a gemscope to show details of cut, the best type of lighting to use is?
Answer:10x magnification
Explanation:
A friend tells you that the theory of evolution is just an educated guess by biologists about how things work. evaluate this statement.
A friend tells you that the theory of evolution is just an educated guess by biologists about how things work- In science the theory are not just an educated guess but are backed experimental data and evidence.
Theory of evolution is based on the idea on slow and gradual changes on the species that occur over time.
It is based on three main components- First the variation occurs randomly among the species, the trait of an individual can be inherited by its progeny, and in the struggle for existence there is survival of the fittest i.e. the one with the favorable traits will survive.
The different types of remains supporting the theory are fossil remain of ancient organisms, fossil layer, similarities among the organisms including the genetic material and embryos.
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for early cells the major source of carbon was and the major fuel for energy was .
For early cells the major source of carbon was CO2 and the major fuel for energy was hydrogen. A fuel cell produces electricity cleanly and efficiently by utilizing the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels. When hydrogen is used as a fuel, the only outputs are power, water, and heat.
Most fuel cells are powered by hydrogen, which can be delivered directly into the system or created within the system by reforming hydrogen-rich fuels like methanol, ethanol, and hydrocarbon fuels. Other carbs, lipids, and proteins may be used as an ATP source in specific cells or at specific periods.
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Newborns' immunity due to the transfer of antibodies across the placenta is an example of?
Newborns' immunity due to the transfer of antibodies across the placenta is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity.
In the field of biology, passive immunity can be described as a type of immunity in which antibodies from another source are given in order to produce an immune response in an individual. A natural acquired passive immunity is a kind of passive immunity in which the antibodies are produces inside another person rather than synthesized in a lab.
As a baby in the womb cannot initially make its own antibodies, the igG antibodies are transported from the mother through the placenta to the child in order to generate an immune response.
As the newborn receives antibodies of the mother which are naturally produced by the mothers body, hence such a kind of immunity in the newborn is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity.
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The major commercial species of nicotiana is _________blank, which is a large-leaf species grown in more than a hundred counties.
The major commercial species of nicotiana is Nicotiana tobacum, which is a large-leaf species grown in more than a hundred counties.
What is Nicotania tobacum?
An annual herbaceous plant of the Nicotiana genus, Nicotiana tabacum, sometimes known as cultivated tobacco, is grown. The plant, which has a tropical origin and is widely cultivated around the world, is quite common. It can reach heights of 1 to 2 meters (3 to 6 feet). The leaves of this plant are commercially produced and used to make tobacco, making it the most widely cultivated of all the species in the genus Nicotiana. It has been established that cellulose and other naturally occurring tobacco polysaccharides are the main sources of acetaldehyde in tobacco smoke. Rutin and chlorogenic acid make up the majority of the polyphenols found in tobacco leaves. There are glutamic acids, asparagine, glutamine, and -aminobutyric acid among the amino acids present.Learn more about the Tobacco with the help of the given link:
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The nurse is to administer iv fluids to an infant. which safeguard would be most important for the nurse to use?
The most important step to be taken will be the Use of an infusion pump to regulate the flow rate.
What are infusion pumps?
Fluids are delivered into a patient's body using infusion pumps. These gadgets deliver nourishment and medications in precise proportions. These devices can be used in any medical facility for therapeutic purposes, and trained medical personnel use them.
There are three main categories of infusion pumps:
By function, infusion pumps are categorizedInfusion pumps arranged according to fluid delivery volumeMobility of infusion pumps is a classificationThe proper precaution is to utilize an infusion pump to control the flow rate because young children and newborns with poor cardiopulmonary state are especially susceptible to I.V. liquid overflow.
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The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of with associated proteins.
The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of Phospholipids with associated proteins.
What is the plasma membrane?It is a double layer of phospholipids and proteins, which perform functions of connection, transport and catalysis, which covers and delimits the cells, serving as a border between the inside and the outside of it.
In this sense, one of the peculiarities of phospholipids is that they are amphipathic, their molecules have a part that is soluble in water (that is, hydrophilic) and another that is not (hydrophobic), these lipids are primarily cholesterol, phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is phospholipids. The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of phospholipids with associated proteins.
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When viewed under a transmission electron microscope, the golgi apparatus looks like ______.
Answer:
a stack containing multiple flattened, disk-shaped membranes called cisterns
Explanation:
Generally, animals cannot digest (hydrolyze) the glycosidic linkages between the glucose molecules in cellulose. how then do cows get enough nutrients from eating grass?
Microorganisms in their digestive tracts hydrolyze the cellulose to individual glucose units.
Cellulose- The stable formation of plant cell walls is greatly aided by cellulose, a hard, fibrous, and water-insoluble polysaccharide. The fibrils (bundles of microfibrils) and microfibrils (bundles of polysaccharide) made up of cellulose chains make up the plant cell wall.
Glucose- The primary form of sugar in the blood, glucose serves as the body's cells' principal source of energy. Glucose may be produced by the body from other chemicals or it can be obtained from the meals we eat. The circulation carries glucose to the cells. Insulin is one of many hormones that regulate blood glucose levels.
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The property of having antimicrobial effects in exceedingly small amounts is called a(n) _____ action. multiple choice question. degerming antiseptic oligodynamic radiative
The property of having antimicrobial effects in exceedingly small amounts is called a(n) oligodynamic action. multiple choice question. degerming antiseptic oligodynamic radiative.
What does oligodynamic action mean?The capacity of trace levels of heavy metals to kill bacterial cells is known as oligodynamic action. In small amounts of aqueous solutions, certain metals and metal complexes bestow the capacity to modify and lastly, kill microorganism cells in a distinctive manner.Which are the metals that exhibit oligodynamic effect?Mercury, silver, copper, brass, bronze, tin, iron, lead, and bismuth are among the metals that show the oligodynamic effect. Mercury and silver have the greatest impact of all metals.The oligodynamic effect: how does it operate?The bacteria become inactive as a result of the metal ions' binding to proteins in bacterial cells. And the method is effective: One investigation looked at E-contaminated water.To learn more about antimicrobial effect visit:
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Which population would be most likely to undergo relatively rapid allopatric speciation?
Allopatric speciation would be fastest in the herd of wild horses.
What is allopatric speciation?
When groups of a same species are geographically separated from one another, allopatric speciation takes place. Populations gradually change into new species through a process called speciation.
A herd of wild horses was shipped from Wyoming to a little desert island off the coast of California that had never before had any. After then, no more horses arrive at the island. The new population is tiny (reproductively) and geographically separated from neighboring populations, both of which tend to favor allopatric speciation.
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Pores on the skin surface open into the:________
a. sebaceous glands
b. hair follicles
c. mammary glands
d. capillaries
e. sweat glands
Pores on the skin surface open into the sebaceous glands.
The mid-dermis is home to sebaceous glands, which almost always develop alongside hair follicles and have an outlet that empties into the follicular canal. The pilosebaceous unit is the name given to this grouping.
The follicle also houses an oil gland and a hair (sebaceous gland). The oil gland keeps the skin lubricated, helps remove dead skin cells, and keeps tissues from drying out. Meibomian glands, a small group of sebaceous glands that open directly onto the skin in the epithelium of the eyelid, help to improve the lubricating abilities of tears.
Function :
The sebaceous gland contributes the vast majority of skin surface lipids via its main product, sebum, which helps to seal in moisture and prevent desiccation of the skin. Because sebaceous glands empty into the hair canal, sebum mostly escapes onto the skin surface via a wicking action involving the hair shaft.
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Diatoms, such as members of the genus navicula, belong to which major lineage of eukaryotes?.
Diatoms, such as members of the genus navicula, belong to the stramenopile lineage of eukaryotes.
Stramenopiles are a type of organism that have stiff tripartite outer hairs and flagella. Stramenopile is sometimes referred to as heterokonts. It has cells that are both nonphotosynthetic and photosynthetic. The stramenopile kingdom includes diatoms, brown algae, chrysophytes, and certain protozoa. Stramenopiles are eukaryotic since they are neither animals, fungi, nor plants.
Navicula is a species of diatom algae with boat-shaped cells. As a result, we may establish that diatoms, like those in the genus Navicula, are part of the stramenopile main lineage of eukaryotes.
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A client has been diagnosed with syphilis and will be treated with penicillin. the client's medication will achieve a therapeutic effect through?
interference with cell wall synthesis. A injection of long-performing Benzathine penicillin G can remedy the early degrees of syphilis. This consists of primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. CDC recommends 3 doses of long-performing Benzathine penicillin G at weekly periods for past due latent syphilis or latent syphilis of unknown duration.
Doxycycline and tetracycline for 28 days were used for decades and are the simplest ideal options to penicillin for the remedy of latent syphilis. Doxycycline is the desired opportunity to penicillin because of its tolerability.
The first signal of syphilis is a small sore, known as a chancre (SHANG-kur). The sore seems on the spot wherein the micro organism entered your body. While maximum humans inflamed with syphilis broaden simplest one chancre, a few humans broaden numerous of them.
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Some scientists believe that viruses can be considered living, as they have some characteristics of life, while others believe viruses
cannot be considered living because they do not have all characteristics of life. According to your Biology Now textbook, in which case
do viruses display a characteristic of life?
Choose one:
O A. Viruses do not metabolize themselves, but they can change the metabolism of a host cell.
O B. Viruses do not maintain homeostasis themselves, but instead rely on host cells to maintain conditions.
O C. Viruses do not have cells of their own, but can use the cell machinery of a host cell to reproduce.
O D. Viruses do not evolve individually, but populations of them can evolve within a host, as viruses reproduce
after infecting the host.
Answer:
Explanation:
Virus is a living thing
No, viruses are not alive.
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A strain of neisseria gonorrhoeae has undergone a mutation and is no longer able to make pili. predict the most likely outcome.
A strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae has undergone a mutation and is no longer able to make pili because The bacteria will become less virulent and will not be able to readily establish infection.
What is mutation ?A deviation from the typical DNA sequence at a certain gene locus. Although the phrase is frequently associated with negativity, mutations (including polymorphisms) can affect cell activity in ways that are negative, positive, or neutral.
Because they increase genetic variation and the potential for individual differences, mutations are crucial for evolution to take place. For the most part, mutations have no discernible impact on the organisms in which they arise. Natural selection may increase the frequency of advantageous mutations.Base substitutions, deletions, and insertions are the three different forms of DNA mutations.Learn more about Mutation here:
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Phosphofructokinase is a glycolytic enzyme that is inhibited by amp .
a. true
b. false
Phosphofructokinase is a glycolytic enzyme that is inhibited by amp - False.
Phosphofructokinase is an enzyme that is involved in the process of glycolysis. It is used in phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. It utilizes ATP for this step.
It is one of the key regulator of the overall reaction. Its activity is regulated by ATP. Whenever more substrate is formed and more amount of ATP is present it combines with the phosphofructokinase to inhibit its enzyme activity.
AMP has a reversing effect to this. When AMP binds with the phosphofructoskinase it boost the reaction in the forward direction.
Thus the activity of the enzymes depends on the ATP/AMP ratio in the cell.
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Which type of skin glands are most affected by the hormonal changes that occur during puberty?
Apocrine sweat glands are most affected by the hormonal changes that occur during puberty.
What is puberty ?
Between childhood and adulthood, puberty is a time of rapid growth, the emergence of secondary sexual traits, the attainment of fertility, and significant psychological changes. Although the order in which pubertal changes occur is fairly predictable, their exact time varies greatly.
At puberty, sex hormones stimulate the apocrine sweat glands, which then begin to work. In the groin and axilla, they are linked to hair follicles. The thick, protein-rich substance has no smell at first but may acquire one after coming into contact with germs.
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How can biomolecules be identified by the presence and/or number of the six basic elements found in all living things?
Biomolecules can be identified by the presence and/or number of the six basic elements found in all living things as these elements form certain functional groups specific to each biomolecules and those can be confirmed by performing certain identification tests.
Biomolecules are the molecules that are present inside the living organisms. These are: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These are essential for building, repairing and maintenance of the body. These are important to perform all the necessary processes of the body.
Identification tests are those that are performed to confirm the presence of certain compounds. For example, Benedict's test is used to confirm the presence of carbohydrates, similarly biuret's test is used to test the presence of protein.
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Which type of protein attaches membranes of adjacent cells to make intercellular junctions?
Transmembrane adhesion protein attaches membranes of adjacent cells to make intercellular junctions.
What is the function of adhesion proteins in the cell membrane?Cell adhesion molecules are subset of cell surface proteins that are involved in the binding of cells with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in a process called cell adhesion. CAM help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Adherence junction and Desmosomes hold cells together and are formed by transmembrane adhesion protein .
Therefore, the cell membrane serves two purposes: first, as a barrier keeping the components of the cell in and undesired substances out, and second, as a gate permitting the passage of vital nutrients into the cell and the movement of waste products out of the cell. Identification, communication, control of solute exchange across the membrane, and isolation of the cytoplasm from the surrounding environment are the four primary roles of the plasma membrane.
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which of the following is an advantage of electron microscopy? choose one: a. specimens can be observed at high resolution. b. the microscope is inexpensive and easy to use. c. living specimens can be observed. d. motile specimens can be observed.
The microscope is inexpensive and easy to use is an advantage of electron microscopy. High resolution images of both biological and non-biological specimens can be obtained using the electron microscopy (EM) technique. In order to fully understand the structure of tissues, cells, organelles, and macromolecular complexes, it is employed in biomedical research.
There are various kinds of electron microscopes, such as the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the reflection electron microscope (REM.). Magnification and better resolution are possible thanks to the utilization of electrons as opposed to light waves, allowing for the analysis of structures that would otherwise be invisible.
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In people with schizophrenia, the amount of gray matter in the temporal and frontal cortexes is?
In people with schizophrenia, the amount of gray matter in the temporal and frontal cortexes is progressively reduced.
schizophrenia is a brain disorder when the ability of a person is reduced to think, feel, and behave clearly even in normal situations. it can be caused due to a variety of reasons including genetic, environmental factors.
It can cause social isolation, disorganized thoughts, aggression, and difficulty in concentration.
schizophrenia said to be associated with a reduced in the gray matter of the brain including the temporal and frontal cortex.
Grey matter is present is the outermost layer of the brain.
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Which of these practices best qualifies as a pseudoscience?
using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized
using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized
comparing different brushing techniques to prevent tooth decay
comparing different brushing techniques to prevent tooth decay
developing ways to use star patterns to travel at night
developing ways to use star patterns to travel at night
using varying degrees of sunlight to limit how large different plants grow
The practice that best qualifies as a pseudoscience is using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized (option A).
What is pseudoscience?Pseudoscience is any body of knowledge that purports to be scientific or to be supported by science but which fails to comply with the scientific method.
Common examples of pseudoscience are as follows:
The belief that two people send cues to one another based on their body positioning.The belief that a person's personality can be seen through their handwritingAccording to this question, the act of using the smells of different oils to help a person feel energized is an example of pseudoscience because it does not comform to the scientific method.
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Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in ________ who have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in women who have less of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
What are enzyme that digests alcohol?
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that aids in the metabolism (processing) of ethanol. The ethanol is transformed by your liver into acetaldehyde, which can harm cells. A different enzyme termed aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) aids in the conversion of hazardous acetaldehyde to harmless acetic acid (vinegar).
Women have less alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a stomach and liver enzyme that breaks down alcohol, than males do. A woman's body doesn't break down alcohol as effectively as a man's does, so more alcohol enters the bloodstream and her BAC rises.
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Brain cells that respond to actions performed by someone else by mimicking the action are called?
Brain cells that respond to actions performed by someone else by mimicking the action are called Mirror Neurons.
Mirror Neurons- A type of neuron called a mirror neuron changes its activity when a person performs a certain motor movement and when they see someone else perform the same or a similar task.
Motor Movement- Motor skills include things like extending, bending, catching, and throwing.
Brain cells- The brain's functional tissue is made up of brain cells. The stroma, which contains blood vessels, is the structural or connective portion of the remaining brain tissue. Neurons, also known as nerve cells, and glial cells, sometimes known as neuroglia, are the two primary cell types in the brain.
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